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M. CHRISTOPHER ANDREWS, OF LAWRENCE, MASSACHUSETTS.

Letters Patent No.` 78,174, dated May 26, 1868.

IMPROVEMENT IN RAILROAD-GAR VENTILATORS.

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TO ALL PERSONS lO WHOM THESE PRESENTS MAY COME:

Be it known that I, M. CHRISTOPHER ANDREWS, of Lawrence, in the countyot' Essex, and State of Massachusetts, have invented a new and usefuiMechanism for Operating the Ventilating-Valves or Shutters of Railway-Garriages; and I do hereby declare the someto be fully described in thefollowing specification, and represented in the accompanying drawings,ot' which- Figure 1 is a front elevation, and

Figure 2a horizontal section of it as applied to twoventilating-shutters, one of such shutters being exhibited as open andthe other as closed. l v

The invention is specially intended for use in what are termedmonitor-cars, which, on the sides of their turrets, have openings,provided with shutters or windows hinged to them, so as to `be capableof being moved horizontally as a common window-shutter generally ismoved on its hinges.

The object of the invention is to either open or close, at once,.everyother one of the series of shutter on one side ofthe turret, and, at.such time, to maintain thercst of them of such side closed. i Eachtwonext adjacent .shutters are to be hinoed to the turret 01 frame, so asto swing in opposite directions while being either opened or closed. Bythis mechanism all the shutters ofthe range may be closed at once. Whilethe carriage may be in movement in one direct-ion, one half of theshutters are to bc opened, so that their external surfaces may becarried against the external air,`and it be caused torbc dciiccted fromthem, so as to induce currents of air to fion' from the interior of thecarriage through the uncovered shutter-openings. When the carriage maybe moved in the opposite direction, thc-se shutters should bc closed,and the otnersbe opened.

In gsrl and 2 of the drawings, A and B denote two shutters, applied totwo next adjacent Ventilatingopenings C D, and connected to theirdivisional partition E, by hinges, as shown at a b.

In rear ot' cach opening C D, and4 on its sill s, is a bent lever, F,arrangedto turn transversely on a fulcrum, e. The shorter arm ofthe saidlever is connected with the adjacentshutter, by means 'of a link,G,jointed both to the lever and to the shutter. The longer arm of thelever makes a right angle with the shorter one, and has a hond, as.shown at d. It also has a slot, e, formed through it, and projecting inopposite directions from the bend d, in manner as represented lhis slotreceives a pin,f,' which extends vertically from a, long slidebar, H,disposed underneath both levers. The said levers are arranged so as toproject in opposite directions,

that is to say, their longer as well as their shorter arms do soproject, the same being as shown in figs. 2 andS.

The bar'H is to be disposed in or on the sill or post s of the openings,so as to be capable of being slid endwise back and forth in arectilinear parth or groove, and it is to be so connected with orapplied to a lcver,I, as to be capable of being moved longitudinally ineither direction thereby, such lever being arranged in manner asrepresented.

The said slide-har is to extend along in rear of all the shutters of oneside of the car, or turret thereof, each of them being connected withthe said bar, by appliances, as hcrcinuet'ore described, viz, a pin,slotted and bent lever, and connecting-link. It should be observed,however, that the b cnt levers of cach two next adjacent shutters shouldbe arranged so as to project in opposite directions with respect to cachother. When the lever I is in a vertical position, all the shutters willhe closed, hut when suoli lever is inclined from the vertical in eitherdirection, in its plane of motion, one half of' the number of shutterswill be open, that is, every other one ofthe series will be open, andthe rest will-he closed.

Figure 3 is a horizontal section taken, through a series of the shuttersand their openings, and exhibits the arrangement of their levers, whenhalf the number of thc shutters are open.

I claim the arrangement of tho hinges oi' each two consecutive shuttersof a series thereof, so that such two shutters shall open in oppositedirections, as cfplained, and the combination therewith, of mechanism,asspcciied, or its equivalent, whereby such shutters may be operated inmanner as sct forth.

I also claim the combination or mechanism for operating shutters,arranged as specified, such' consisting of the slide-bar H, and itsoperative lever I, or the equivalent thcrcofQa series of slotted andbent levers, F, and their connecting-links, the whole b cing arrangedtogether .substantially asexplaiued.

I also claim the arragcmcnt of my shutter-operating mechanism with theinner surface of the shutters yand the Aside ofthe car, whereby suchmechanism is all brought within the car, when the'shuttcrs are closed.

' M. CHRISTOPHER" ANDREws Witnesses:

R. H. EDDY, F. P. HALE, Jr.

